As a result, specific handling precautions must be observed for device reliability and optimum performance. It measures the total harmonic distortion content of the signal by suppressing the fundamental with an adjustable frequency band reject filter and measuring the residue with a wide band detector which could also be used as an a. Total harmonic distortion, thd to measure the waveshape distortion, we use the quantity of the total harmonic distortion, thd equation 1. The harmonic values are based on a point of common coupling pcc, which is a common point where each user receives power from the power source. The current measurement must be taken from the 28 volt dc conductor. Two quite distinct techniques are used for such distortion measurement. Rcbased circuit followed by a rectification circuitry to provide a dc voltage for the operation of the. The cm3286 clamp on power meter can measure voltage, current, power, power factor, phase angle, reactive power or frequency, as well as detect phase sequence on live lines at any desired point of a singlephase circuit or threephase circuit.
Ieee standard 5192014 university of nevada, las vegas. Easy operation and installation easy installation and disassembling with two. In the present paper an investigation for the evaluation of the measurement uncertainty is proposed for one of the more used indices. Powerlogic pm5300 series safety information important information read these instructions carefully and look at the equipment to become familiar with the device before trying to. Hioki clamp meters are best in class handheld current and voltage meters for safely and accurately measuring power lines. A distortion factor meter circuit as set forth in claim 1, and wherein said means to convert said first dc signal into a square wave signal is a voltagefrequency converter. Harmonic distortion is measured by applying a spectrally pure sine wave to the amplifier in a defined circuit configuration i. The number of bits of the converter determines the lowest possible total harmonic distortion. The relationship between the total harmonic distortion and distortion factor can. Total harmonic distortion thd meters and spectrum analysers. Power factor meters electrodynamometer type power factor meter. Basic total harmonic distortion thd measurement microsemi products achieve high levels of performance in part due to a carefully designed interface between external connectors and internal components. Tidmthdreading total harmonic distortion measurement for. The design measures total harmonic distortion thd, monitors voltage sags and swells, and measures phasetophase angles to help determine phase sequence and prevent accidental phase swapping.
This means that the vk2 distortion meter doesnt produce its own distortion and evaluates only the nonlinearity of the device under test connected to its input. To measure how high the distortion of ac voltage is, we may decompose it into the summation of sinusoid waves using dft. The analogue inputs of acquisition module are connected using differential measurement method 9, due to better noise rejection and channeltoearth isolation. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. The instruments found in truerta include a low distortion signal generator, a digital level meter, a crest factor meter, a dual trace oscilloscope and a highresolution real. One method to characterize the linearity of an amplifier is to measure its total harmonic distortion thd. Power factor correction may be applied by an electric power transmission utility to improve the.
Now there are two types of power factor meterselectrodynamometer type. Automation for a changing world delta power meter dpm series. If the power factor regulator detects a regenerative condition where the energy flow is reversed, the power factor display will shown a. Distortion factor meter circuit nakamichi research inc. Oct 16, 2016 please note that the distortion factor as given here is different from the distortion factor defined in other videos in this playlist. View and download hioki 3286 instruction manual online. In electrical engineering, the power factor of an ac electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power absorbed by the load to the apparent power flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of. Jul 25, 2015 the distortion is computed by the ratio of the amplitude of the 3rd harmonic to the fundamental frequency. Classic meters benchmarking smart metering solutions. A direct reading power factor meter can be made with a moving coil meter of the electrodynamic type, carrying two perpendicular coils on the moving part of the instrument. Delta power meter dpm series automation for a changing world.
Energy meter for din rails, with clock, battery and memory that is suitable for the measurement and checking of electrical characteristics, the energy consumption and for monitoring the power quality, e. Distortion and ac mv meter, 20 hz to 20 khz, 1 mv to 30 v. Power factor meters electrodynamometer type power factor. Parts of the meter rear view a relay outputs b voltage inputs c control power d current inputs e status inputsdigital outputs f communications port ethernet or rs485 ggasket table 1 1 meter models description model numbers power and energy meter with integrated display powerlogic tm pm5310, pm5330, pm5331, pm5320, pm5340, and pm5341. Nevertheless, it is an excellent instrument for evaluating the. The cm3286 is ideal for verifying electricity theft since it can measure both ac power and current. If the output level exceeds 0db, distortion will occur.
The definition of the total harmonic distortion is. More electronics communications interview questions. An audio distortion meter is used to measure distortions in, yes you guessed it right, audio. Distortion factor meter 20hz20khz ae 489 the distortion factor meter is intended for use in audio industry, educational institutionsetc. M814 portable single and threephase power analyzer circutor. Power factor correction capacitors must be sized properly power factor correction capacitor s cost much less than utility power factor charges and will eliminate those charges power factor correction capacitors should be disconnected when motors are disconnected low harmonic power factor is corrected with filters, not capacitors. The residue distortion factor is indicated on the panel meter. The power factor of an unbalanced poly phase circuit is not uniquely defined.
Distortion and ac mv meter, 20 hz to 20 khz, 1 mv to 30 v, asymmetric input 600 ohmhiz and output. Powerlogic pm5300 series safety information important information read these instructions carefully and look at the equipment to become familiar with the device before trying to install, operate, service, or maintain it. For accurate distortion measurements, the optimal qfactor value is q2, the calculations made with the help of relationship 12 yield a 0,5db attenuation of the second harmonic at the filter output and only 0,2db attenuation of the third. Total harmonic distortion measurement for energy monitoring. The total harmonic distortion of an ideal dac is the quantization noise due to the converter resolution. Distortion measurement an overview sciencedirect topics. The 5335b is a compact, singlephase ac dc power meter for measuring and analyzing power consumption and power quality parameters quickly and accurately. Total harmonic distortion an overview sciencedirect topics. You can see the output level of the mfj299 with this meter.
Classic meters single phasethreephase meters are solid state smart devices for active and reactive energy metering. On the other hand, if the cap led lights up, it means the system is having capacitive power factor. A distortion factor meter circuit as set forth in claim 1, and wherein said means to convert said square wave signal is an integration circuit. Nevertheless, it is an excellent instrument for evaluating the performance of amplifiers and other systems. As defined by fluke, the distortion factor is the square root. Distortion factor meter tf2331 marconi instruments, marconimaterial.
Distortionmeter or more precisely distortion factor meter is an electronic measuring instrument which displays the amount of distortion added to the original signal by an electronic circuit. And the total harmonic distortion by 2 2 3 2 t 2 d n where d 2, d 3 are harmonic components. The effectiveness of the proposed harmonic meter is confirmed by experiment. Pf meter for distorted waveforms, the value of power factor. A clamp meter is an electrical tester that combines a voltmeter with a clamp type current meter. A practical signal is usually complex containing many frequencies. At certain frequencies the sound from most audio devices distorts, they become unclear. Of course, the frequencies and the level of distortions vary from device to device. Single phase polemounted meter, customer interface unit ciu. The meter uses the following equation to calculate tdd. Mcp3909 dspic33fj128gp206 3phase energy meter reference. Pdf measurement uncertainty in evaluating total harmonic. The cm3286 can be used with the optional clamp on adapter 929010 to measure busbars of up to 55 mm in diameter or 80. When a purely sinusoidal signal is in this way, a series of.
Highaccuracy measurement, even with a low power factor. History of ieee std 519, and comparison between ieee std 519 2014 vs 1992 3. A power factor of less than one indicates the voltage and current are not in phase, reducing the average product of the two. Measuring the total harmonic distortion and the distortion. Impact of harmonic current on energy meter calibration. It supports power measurements up to 600 vrms and 20 arms, with a bandwidth up to of 100 khz. The power factor of a balanced polyphase circuit is the same as that of any phase. The greater is the number of bits, the lower the amplitude of the harmonics, as shown in figure 18. This invention relates to a distortion factor meter circuit adapted to measure a harmonic distortion factor of a signal, particularly.
This is provided for download from microchips website, file names and checksums. Flattend top ac voltage caused by a low power factor switch mode power supply. Tf2331a distortion factor meter marconi instruments limited. Offering larger capacities in smaller ups va sizes reduces the overall cost of the ups solution for a specific load requirement. Tdd total demand distortion evaluates the harmonic currents between an end user and a power source. Energy and power quality measurement products janitza. Like the multimeter, the clamp meter has passed through the analog period and into the digital world of today.
If the ind led lights up, it mean the system is having inductive power factor. Measure high currents of up to a ac or 1500 a for up to 5 min. Distortion factor a main cause for bad sound quality in a hifi amplifier are nonlinear distortions. Fluke 345 power quality clamp meter fluke corporation. The power factor is the cosine of the angle between the voltage and current. Distortion power q kvar reactive power s kva apparent power. May 15, 2018 now there are two types of power factor meterselectrodynamometer type. Var is easy to determine in the first case of phase angle nonresistive contribution via a scaling factor of sin. The heat losses generated by harmonics transpose into using and paying for more reactive power from your utility.
The spectrum or wave analyzer can be used to measure the amplitude of each harmonic. Fourquadrant energy measurement is supported for net metering systems with bidirectional energy flow. Please note that the distortion factor as given here is different from the distortion factor defined in other videos in this playlist. Power factor and distortion measuring for small loads using. Add grups solution to reduce your electricity losses. The meter calculates apparent power s, reactive power q, and power factor cos page 38 difference in. Integration, harmonic distortion factor, total harmonic distortion thd. Page 4 any evidence of alteration, erasure, or forgery shall be cause to void any and all warranty terms. Arms kth harmonic content overall harmonic thdf distortion factor thd r harmonic effective value voltage vrms. A distortion factor meter measures the total distortion. Waveform distortion from nonlinear behavior, primarily due to harmonic content. Power factor and distortion measuring usually requires special and expensive equipment.
The power factor meter determines the types of load using on the line, and it also calculates the losses occur on it. Jul 11, 2009 the pic harmonic distortion meter shows a method for finding the amplitude of the fundamental frequency and the 3rd harmonic. Distortion factor is not the same as thd as all inband signals are measured, including noise and nonharmonically related components. Distortion factor meter tf2331 equipment marconi instruments. Power factor and reactive power university of wisconsin. Power factor capacitor problems harmonic distortion has a direct affect on power factor. Harmonic distortion is equivalent to adding harmonics to a signal. In the addax split metering solution, the measuring and customer parts the split meter and customer interface unit ciu, respectively are separated from each other, which allows installing the measuring part far from the customer premises, in an unreachable place, for. A measure for nonlinear distortions is the distortion factor. Reduce the harmonic distortion to decrease the current draw measured by the smart meter for a lower utility cost. Power factor and distortion measuring for small loads.
All documentation becomes dated, and this manual is no exception. Calculation of the time remaining until the memory is full x. Supports power quality measurement, including total and individual harmonic distortion, voltage and current unbalance, and more. The pic harmonic distortion meter shows a method for finding the amplitude of the fundamental frequency and the 3rd harmonic. Audio distortion analyzer software free download audio. The meters are designed to measure instantaneous power and consumed active and reactive energy in singlethreephase alternating current circuits. Power factor and distortion measuring for small loads using usb acquisition module marko dimitrijevic, vanco litovski faculty of electronic engineering nis key words. The power factor meter measures the power factor of a transmission system. Of course, in reality the ubiquitous noise and other hindering factors reduce this notch potential of the vk2 distortion meter, the level of suppression is also largely depends on. For power factor and distortion measuring, two channels are used. The distortion factor is the result from a mathematical equation. The design measures total harmonic distortionthd, monitors voltage sags and swells, and measures phasetophase angles to help determine phase sequence and prevent accidental phase swapping.
How does pm5500 series meter calculates tdd total demand. Distortion factor article about distortion factor by the. The reading shows percentage of the 3rd harmonic distortion. Reviewing distortion measurements for case 2 constant scan pattern for the positive and negative x measurement locations, an indentation in the distortion profile can be seen between a build height of approximately 4 mm and 8 mm. In electrodynamometer type power factor meter there are further two types on the basis of supply voltage. Configure the test setup as shown in figure ldc1011. In the thd meter, the instrument is usually arranged so that there will be a sharp notch at some point in its gainfrequency curve, which will give zero transmission at some specific frequency, as. Measurements, except current, must be made within 10 cm of the input power terminals of the uut.
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